Beginning in SAS/QC^® in SAS^® 9.4 TS1M1, two macros are available for gauge repeatability and reproducibility (R&R) and two macros are available for evaluating the measurement process (EMP). Both of these methods examine the precision (reproducibility), consistency (repeatability) and bias of a measurement system. See "Measurement Systems Analysis" in the SAS/QC User's Guide. In earlier releases, the GAGE application can be used to produce range charts and average charts, and it also performs the Average/Range and Variance Components Methods.